Hume Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Hume Argumentative Essay David Hume was a colonialist savant who altered logical contention and strategy with his distrust. His contentions about the manner in which individuals however up to his day, and still today, are central in clarifying how we gain information and what we do with this information. Hume helped clear a street driving toward a higher condition of awareness for humankind with his hypothesis concerning the view of the psyche. He isolated the brains recognition into two unmistakable group’s impression and thoughts. With these two groupings Hume supported the profundities of human comprehension. Impressions comprise of the discernment with respect to all that is seen, felt and heard. Thoughts are figured considerations dependent on impressions. They are the view of the brain engaged with thought instead of understanding. Hume utilized impressions to test the pertinence of thoughts through his â€Å"microscope† framework. This hypothesis provoked the psyche to try out conflicting thoughts by methods for the impressions. The quintessence of thoughts and impression characterizes the idea of the psyche and all that it sees. Together they excuse clear and particular contemplations and sensations Impressions are enthusiastic observations that entreat all the sensation and feeling that the brain sees. They are not deluding, for their quintessence depends completely on understanding. It is an observation that touches off the manner in which everything is felt, seen, or heard. Outer causes or items impact the faculties, affecting the manner in which the psyche sees things. For example to comprehend the substance of a rose is to perceive that it is red, the pedals feel like silk, it scents of sweet aroma and it brings out bliss. These observations are gotten from the faculties. Wonderful words would never invoke enough authenticity to supplant the truth of seeing a rose. A sonnet composed by Ernest Hemmingway portraying the magnificence of a rose would in any case go about as a dull substitute for the genuine encounter. An impression is better than any thought. Hume guaranteed that, â€Å"The most vivacious idea is as yet substandard compared to the bluntest sensation,†(Hume, 10). Sensation is the main genuine property of the brain and it fills in as point of convergence for all thoughts and augmentations of thought. Impressions can stand autonomously; they don't rely upon some other components to cause them to appear to be all the more genuine. They can generally be depended upon; there is zero chance of committing an error while in regards to them. Impressions are unique in their condition and never go about as a fake. They are astonishing and sound. Impressions are gotten from internal and outward opinions. Outward impressions are brought about by outside recognitions. These comprise of the hints of a tempest, the vibe of downpour on the skin and seeing the power in helping. It incorporates all the observation that the faculties experience direct. Internal impressions make up the entirety of the inside recognitions. This incorporates sentiments and feelings that are evoked by outside expansions. The feelings: steadfastness, sympathy, wretchedness, sadness and sentiment are completely sorted as internal impressions. Seeing a falling star and feeling fortunate because of the locating is a case of an outward impression causing an internal impression. The two impressions characterize each other. Thoughts are the weak view of the psyche. They are the impressions of the sensations experienced from impressions. Thoughts are mutually dependent on impressions; they can't exist without their impact. They are at any rate when straightforward, similar to impression yet defective. Thoughts can't be trusted or depended upon to be steady and valid. They appear on a superficial level, to be unendingly amazing with the capacity to rise above the constraints of the psyche. In any case, in reality they are constrained to the feeling that detailed them. The imaginative limits of the psyche are confined to having just the capacity to change bits of memory that were duplicates of past encounters. The Freedom Of Speech Essay I trust Hume makes an intense position to state that the bluntest impression will consistently be better than the best thought. He is asserting that even his own appearances and thoughts on reasoning are basically sub-par compared to anything in nature or in human inclination. Hume likewise guarantees that even the most wonderful idyllic stanzas couldn't substitute understanding. However now and then verse upgrade the manner in which humankind sees the world. Musings can be similarly as emotional as discernments. I feel just as Hume didn't credit creative mind enough in his investigation of the mind’s discernment. The plan of complex thoughts anyway needs not to take after the first impressions. We can utilize our minds and build up an article while never observing it’s impact. Among thoughts, those that do restore a significant level of nature of the first impressions have a place with memory, while different thoughts have a place with creative mind. The brain has the ability to envision. In any case, I concur with Hume that most thoughts are only enlargements of the many consolidated impressions we experience. Thoughts dependent on internal impressions are difficult to invoke without impact of impression. Love or torment can’t be understood without understanding. Love should consistently be inferred by a forerunner impression of delight. Envisioning what love resembles can never go about as a substitute for the real sensation Hume’s â€Å"microscope† hypothesis was a splendid and straightforward equation intended to recognize bogus thoughts. It is based on the establishment of impressions. He is demonstrating his hypothesis of thoughts and impressions with the magnifying instrument thought. Since impressions impact all thoughts they at that point have the ability to demonstrate if these thoughts show their impact. It seems as though Hume built up the hypothesis to demonstrate to everybody how stable his thoughts were. It worked. I took a gander at some of man’s most complex manifestations and hoped to check whether I could discover any sort of impact of an impression. For above all else my thoughts I had the option to follow them back to impressions. In the seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years there were discusses, as there are today, about the amount of what we know is something we learned through understanding and the amount of what we know is something we could have contemplated out utilizing our human knowledge without the advantage of specific experience. Hume included extensive knowledge concerning all the view of the psyche and builds up a framework to separate the significance of thoughts. He unmistakably and obviously expressed that the main truth the brain has depends on the sense understanding. Hume shed light on the psyche discernments that was totally new and unique in relation to other present day scholars. In the process he moved the world to take a gander at life from another edge and comprehend their brains augmentation with another appreciation.Bibliography:

Texas AM University Commerce Admissions Data

Texas AM University Commerce Admissions Data Confirmations Overview: Understudies intrigued by Texas AM - Commerce should take note of that, while the school concedes under portion of candidates every year, understudies with strong evaluations and grades despite everything have a decent possibility of being conceded. To apply, those intrigued should submit (alongside an application) SAT or ACT scores and authority secondary school transcripts. Confirmations Data (2016): Texas A M University - Commerce Acceptance Rate: 46%Test Scores 25th/75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 430/540SAT Math: 440/540SAT Writing: -/ - What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 18â /23ACT English: 18/25ACT Math: 17/24What these ACT numbers mean Texas AM University Commerce Description: Established in 1889, Texas AM University-Commerce is an open, four-year college situated in Commerce, Texas, about an hour upper east of Dallas. AM-Commerce offers in excess of 100 undergrad and advanced educations in a wide scope of fields, and the college additionally has broad online instructive choices. High accomplishing understudies should look at TAMUCs respects program which gives full-educational cost grants to 50 Honors understudies each year. Scholastics at TAMUC are bolstered by a 18 to 1 understudy/personnel proportion. Texas AM-Commerce is home to some exceptionally intriguing intramural games including Trivia Bowl, a Madden Tournament, and something many refer to as Cornhole. The college additionally has more than 120 understudy clubs and associations, and a functioning arrangement of crews and sororities. For intercollegiate games, AM-Commerce Lions contend in the NCAA Division II Lone Star Conference (LSC) with five mens and seven womens sports. The college addit ionally has a rodeo program and cheer and move groups. Enlistment (2016): All out Enrollment: 13,514â (8,318 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 40% Male/60% Female72% Full-time Costs (2016 - 17): Educational cost and Fees: $7,750â (in-state); $19,990 (out-of-state)Books: $1,400 (why so much?)Room and Board: $8,270Other Expenses: $3,413Total Cost: $20,833â (in-state); $33,073 (out-of-state) Texas AM University Commerce Financial Aid (2015â -16): Level of New Students Receiving Aid: 90%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 78%Loans: 60%Average Amount of AidGrants: $9,617Loans: $5,799 Scholarly Programs: Most Popular Majors: Business Administration, Exercise Science, General Studies, Interdisciplinary Studies, Liberal Studies, Psychology, Social Work Move, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time understudies): 63%Transfer Out Rate: 30%4-Year Graduation Rate: 24%6-Year Graduation Rate: 43% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports: Football, Golf, Basketball, Track and Field, Cross CountryWomens Sports: Golf, Soccer, Volleyball, Track and Field, Cross Country, Basketball Information Source: National Center for Educational Statistics Intrigued by Texas AM University Commerce? You May Also Like These Colleges: Texas Tech University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Texas at Arlington: ProfileUniversity of North Texas: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBaylor University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWest Texas AM University: ProfileSam Houston State University: ProfileTexas Christian University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTexas AM University Main Campus: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphStephen F. Austin State University: ProfilePrarie View AM University: ProfileTexas AM University-Corpus Christi: ProfileUniversity of Houston: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Texas AM University Commerce Mission Statement: statement of purpose fromâ tamuc.edu/aboutUs/ourMission/default.aspx Texas AM University-Commerce gives an individual, available, and moderate instructive experience for a differing network of students. We take part in inventive revelation and spread of information and thoughts for administration, initiative, and advancement in an interconnected and dynamic world.

A Comparative Analysis Of The Hotels Across The World Essay

A Comparative Analysis Of The Hotels Across The World - Essay Example A relative examination of the three lodgings will be done to investigate the distinctions just as the similitudes between them. The first is Bellagio. Bellagio is one of the lavish lodgings situated at Las Vegas. The nature of craftsmanship and engineering in Bellagio pulls in the clients for the most part. It depicts the Italian culture. The fundamental objective of the lodging is making a vibe which will assist the clients with understanding the genuine estimation of the inn by methods for its developments. Bellagio centers around pulling in the upper white collar class of the general public. It attempts to acquire the affluent clients and hold them by offering phenomenal types of assistance. The brilliant wellspring move appears alongside the craftsmanship and engineering, quality administrations and the club game shows have helped the hotel to the AAA five Diamond Award for multiple times. The subsequent inn is Sheraton Macao Hotel. It is a lodging arranged in Macau. This inn com prising of 3896 rooms is the greatest inn in Macau. Sheraton Macao Hotel is constructed utilizing the cutting edge idea where the Family Suites and the Club Rooms give the perspective on the famous Cotai Strip. The shiny new inn gives visitor rooms to the clients depicting the condition of-expressions having an overhang. The lodging gives six cafés, bars and an exercise center. The objective market of Sheraton Macao lodging is the high society of the general public. It has planned its administrations in such a way which is reasonable by the rich segment of the general public for the most part. It essentially centers around the rich families and furthermore the sightseers who visit Macao during their vacation seasons. The third lodging is New York Hilton Midtown. New York Hilton Midtown is arranged in New York. It is the greatest lodging of the city and the 101st tallest inn of the world. The lodging is a mobile good ways from the chief attractions of the city for example Times Squa re, Fifth Avenue shopping, Radio-City Music Hall and so on. The lodging has been constructed dependent on the cutting edge idea and contains open visitor rooms to give on request diversion. The area of the lodging is inside the span of the city’s most well known attractions and the nearby transportations. New York Hilton Midtown is a 24 hours business focus where immeasurably significant conferences are held. In this way the primary focal point of the lodging is the business voyagers. Every one of these lodgings has various ideas just as various objective markets. It is because of this explanation that the administrations offered by them contrast as it were. Every lodging has had the option to accomplish an upper hand over its rivals by executing own promoting and evaluating techniques. They have kept up a fruitful situation in the market by picking the ideas and target advertises corresponding to the earth. Chapter by chapter guide Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Int roduction 4 Concept 4 Target Markets 5 Market Positioning 6 Experience offered 7 Planning and Design Solutions 8 Response to the earth 9 Conclusion 10 References 11 Introduction The structure of an inn assumes a significant job in accomplishing upper hand in the cordiality business. It assists with giving a different character to a lodging and draw the consideration of the clients towards it. Additionally, the nature of administrations gave by an inn likewise causes it to make progress in the business. The undertaking manages the relative examination of three lodgings from various topographical areas. This will assist us with identifying the likenesses just as the contrasts between the 3 lodgings which have empowered these inns to make progress. Bellagio is one of the lavish inns situated at Las Vegas. The parent organization of the inn is MGM Resorts International. It was opened on fifteenth October, 1998. The lodging has been worked after the destruction of the inn and gambling cl ub named Dunes (Saving America's Mustangs Foundation, 2012).

The Mystery of Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Samples That Nobody Is Talking About

The Mystery of Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Samples That Nobody Is Talking About Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Samples - the Conspiracy Your own essay should be constructed around that text and your principal argument. Now you have a notion of what types of topics you may expect to see, let's get down to how to really write your synthesis essay. Once you've written your synthesis essay, certain steps should be undertaken to be able to finalize it. Before jumping into a synthesis essay, it's important to understand about this sort of content. For better comprehension of synthesis essay conclusion example, take a look below. Cross out the texts which you don't mean to use. In the instance of a synthesis essay, it's supplied by the instructor. Get the Scoop on Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Samples Before You're Too Late It is not sufficient to supply an overview of each observed text. The student doesn't consist of information that the reader can't get from reading the document. Many times, it includes a text you ought to analyze. Based on your assignment, you may have to select a key text. There's one key difference, thoughyour instructor gives you the sources you will use to substantiate your argument. The question wasn't merely an invitation to write discursively on the topic of photography. Whenever you have successfully decided, the next thing to do is to find information to back up your opinion. Regardless, keep in mind that you're arguing so presenting information supporting only 1 side isn't sufficient enough! From here on, you've got to come up with a distinctive interpretation of the way t he structure contributes to the meaning. The term synthesis is understood to be a blend of elements to form a connected whole. A source-by-source structure is easily the most popular. The title ought to be a reflection of those. Instead, you would like to analyze the essay and be certain your claim is supported. A severe question calls for a significant answer. Following that, you must construct your own claim, and compose an essay around that. If you realize that you are questioning it in the center of your essay, just remind yourself to not fret about doing it. It is rather difficult to influence the point of view of a person who's connected to a topic through a potent feeling. The major argument in favour of Walmart is it provides employment to a huge amount of people, while the little and medium towns also gain from a reduced range of trips to the neighborhood shop. Let's start from the start. Search for common information among them, and begin making connections in you r mind while you read. What to Expect From Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Samples? If it is all about figuring out how to compose an AP English synthesis essay, it's important to open the official AP website with the present requirements and study the grading rubric to comprehend what things to concentrate on. Before enlisting in any AP training course, it's wise to go through the analysis program summary and get familiar with the examination. The in-depth study of the health condition has resulted in the look of a new therapy. In case you have access to multiple practice tests, you are able to even take complete tests at various times in the studying procedure to observe how you've improved and what you still must work on. Whenever you do take practice tests, it can be useful to find another person to aid grade your free-response essays dependent on the rubric. The rhetorical assessment includes the author and their purposes. Synthesis essays are typical in high school and college classes hence they might not be a totally new phenomenon to some people. It should encompass your whole essay in only 1 sentence. Ap Lang Synthesis Essay Samples - What Is It? Even prior to deciding on your position, don't forget to thoroughly read your sources. The key ideas gathered from the close reading ought to be utilized to justify using a specific source. It's so tempting to summarize the sources, especially when you're in the center of your synthesis essay and worried you're running out of time. Once you work through your sources, make a decision as to what position you're likely to take. Whether there are differences between sources, it is suggested that the paper shows information concerning the differences or similarities in an informative method. Pay attention to the way you're requested to cite your sources. Synthesis topics should not be something which's general understanding, like whether vegetables are good for you. Lastly, it supplies the importance of the sources used.

Are Social Networking Sites Good for Our Society Essay

Liliana Katiana English I May 18, 2013 Are Social Networking Sites Good For Our Society? Many people in our society can relate. We wake up, check our phones. We go to school, check our phones. We go home, check our phones. And right before we go to bed, we check our phones. And for what? What are we constantly checking? Imagine logging out of social networking sites for one day. How would you feel? You would probably feel disconnected and want to log back on as soon as possible. This generation uses these websites to connect, to stay in the loop, and to become involved. However, people will take advantage of the use of these websites, and in return, the websites take over the majority of their life. The act of constantly wanting to be†¦show more content†¦When online, people are blocked off from hearing and seeing these non-verbal suggestions. â€Å"As human beings, our only real method of connection is through authentic communication. Studies show that only 7% of communication is based on the written or verbal word. A whopping 93% is based on nonverbal body language.† (Tardanico). This can be a real problem to society because if a person acts as if he or she was fine online, they could really be hiding their true feelings, and others would never know. â€Å"Awash in technology, anyone can hide behind the text, the e-mail, the Facebook post or the tweet, projecting any image they want and creating an illusion of their choosing.† (Tardanico). The person may be feeling upset, depressed, or suicidal, and all others can see is the way they pretend to be online. Without nonverbal cues, others will never know the true emotions behind the computer or phone screen. Another issue if that â€Å"Soon, they will neglect their family and friends as they are too engrossed with the social networking sites†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Social Networking-Destroyed Communication Essay). Essentially, social networking sites have caused families to slowly drift farther apart. As well, family bonds and friendsh ips are being worn down and broken. Social networking has caused the importance of face-to-face communication to lessen; now we depend on little emoticons and the way the personShow MoreRelatedAre Social Networking Sites Good For Our Society?3384 Words   |  14 PagesAre Social Networking Sites Good for Our Society? Are social networking sites good for our society? Nowadays it seems as though social networks are what make our society. It s the 21st century and the world is modernizing more and more everyday. Technology is becoming more advanced and researchers are debating on whether or not we should which to e-books instead of the good old textbooks. Social networks are the second top news source for Americans, right behind newspapers. It s been proven thatRead MoreAre Social Networking Sites Good For Our Society?1911 Words   |  8 PagesNahida Sultana Dr. Rachel C. 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Social networks are an essential part of today’s Internet and usedRead MoreEssay On Pros And Cons Of Social Media1090 Words   |  5 PagesThe Benefits of Social Media in Todays Society Just like everything else in life, social media has pros and cons. However, the pros outweigh the cons. Social networking assists businesses in various different ways. While also helping people communicate more with others and to become more connected with them too. A fast and effortless way to spread and receive crucial information is through social media. In the beginning, it was just kids spending their time on websites like Facebook, MyspaceRead MoreEssay about Effects of Social Networking Sites730 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Social Networking Sites The implementation of social networking sites has changed how the average person communicates with others. 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These people are, somehow, figuring out how to gain access to their phones at work, in the car whileRead MoreSocial Networks988 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Networking Sites The Internet and technology are growing bigger and bigger every day and before we know it technology is going to pass us by. With the invention of the Internet and Social Networks, the possibilities are endless. Social networking sites provide us the opportunity to explore the whole world, make friends, and share moments with the rest of the world through the Internet. Everyday more and more people become part of the different social networking sites available now, like

Platos Allegory Of The Cave And The Matrix By The Wachowskis

Plato once said that, â€Å"Ignorance [is] the root and stem of all evil†. Ignorance is the cause of everything that is wrong and bad in the world since people are unable to see the truth. If people start breaking free from ignorance, mankind will become happier and more transparent. In the short story, â€Å"Allegory of The Cave† by Plato and The Matrix by the Wachowskis, they portray the idea that in order to gain enlightenment, one must break free from ignorance; which opens himself to knowledge; this new truth must then be shared with others for the good of mankind. The cave dweller and Neo both live a life of ignorance by thinking that their world is real, when in reality their world is keeping them from seeing the truth. Both Neo and the†¦show more content†¦Inside his workspace is a cubicle that is identical to the other cubicles on his floor. There are many cubicles in rows of each other. Neo and his coworkers are all trapped in the world of their work. The workers all do the same thing, they work in the same building and work in identical offices. Neo talks to his boss and his boss wants Neo at a specific time. Everyone in the office building is dressed up nicely and dressed uniformly. The color of the offices were gray and monotone(Wachowski). The idea of people being ignorant is seen here because they are all acting and working the same exact way. The colors show how dull and unexciting their life is. It shows that instead of living a life of risk they are living a life as people with no personality. When Neo’s boss t alks to him, he is telling Neo what to do and how to act. Instead of Neo having free choice, he is ordering him to get to work on time and to do work. Neo knows something is wrong in his world. Morpheus tells Neo that â€Å"There’s a splinter in [Neo’s] mind [that is] driving [him] mad†(Wachowski). Neo knows that there is something wrong about his world. He is staying ignorant because he isn’t doing anything to get out of this state. The ignorance is â€Å"driving [Neo] mad† which proves that he is conforming to ignorance. The splinter demonstrates that Neo knows something is wrong about his world which causes him to get mad and find truth. Those people who are ignorant won’t be able to breakShow MoreRelated Breaking Free in The Matrix Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesBreaking Free in The Matrix      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau begins his infamous discourse The Social Contract by stating, Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they. 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Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher wrote The Allegory of the Cave, to explainRead More Allegory of the Cave vs The Matrix Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesThe prisoners in Plato’s â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† are blind from true reality as well as the people in the movie â€Å"The Matrix† written and directed by the Wachowski brothers. They are given false images and they accept what their senses are telling them, and they believe what they are experiencing is all that really exists. Plato the ancient Greek philosopher wrote â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave†, to explain the process of enlighten ment and what true reality may be. In the movie â€Å"The Matrix†, Neo (the mainRead MorePlato s Simile Of The Cave1149 Words   |  5 Pagesaction performed by their senses were true. Plato’s Simile of the Cave sheds light on this this idea which is also adapted by the 1999 movie by Andy Wachowski Lana Wachowski, ‘The Matrix.’ Both works have allegorical meanings which explains how people are trapped by some sort of limitations they have which could also serve as a deterrent to their further understanding. This movie ‘The Matrix’ shares a common philosophical basis with Plato’s Simile of the Cave. First, Plato argues that the mind is susceptibleRead MoreThe Matrix the Cave and Meditations Essay1829 Words   |  8 PagesThe Matrix, The Cave And Meditations PHIL 201 John L. Hill II Liberty University John Hill Professor Allyn Kyes Philosophy 201 October 18, 2012 The Matrix, The Cave And Meditations Thesis: There are many similarities in the Matrix ( Wachowski, Andy, and Lana Wachowski 1999 ), The Allegory of the Cave ( Plato ) and Meditation I of The Things of Which We May Doubt ( Decartes, 1641 ). It appears as you take a close look at the Matrix that it is a retelling of â€Å"TheRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave in the Movie The Matrix Essay1290 Words   |  6 Pagesreturn to the classics, it should not be surprising to find allusions to our more famous Greek philosophers represented in popular films and shows. Andy and Larry Wachowski’s movie The Matrix shows a strong resemblance in its central theme to that of Plato’s The Allegory of the Cave. In The Allegory of the Cave, Plato sets forth the idea that mankind is only living in an illusion of life, that the reality is beyond the scope of our own senses and can only be reached through the intellect. InRead MoreThe Matrix And Karl Marxs Allegory Of The Cave1631 Words   |  7 Pages The Matrix movie conveys what man has been trying to do in a cinematic masterpiece. The creator’s main influences to making The Matrix were Karl Marx and Plato’s Allegory of the Cave (Who Inspired). Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto tries to highlight the social inequalities that have occurred during the industrial revolution between man and machine while Plato’s Allegory of the Cave tries to help inform people that they need to become more self-aware of their oppressors. The film The Matrix combinesRead MoreAngelabrafford-Phil Essay830 Words   |  4 Pagesprocesses of many. These theories today are still influencing the lives of others. The Matrix, a very well-kno wn movie released in 1999, retelling Plato’s theory, questioned the existence of reality and /or what we perceive as reality. The Matrix, Plato’s ‘Allegory of the Cave’ and Descartes ‘Meditation I’, all have similar views on reality, illusion and truth. Allegory of the Cave is a metaphor that describes what Plato believed reality to be. Plato believed thatRead MoreTrue Reality In Platos Allegory And The Matrix873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Plato’s Allegory of The Cave, prisoners are kept since child birth in a cave, they are only able to see nothing but shadowy figures move on the wall of the cave. They perceive that as their true reality. A prisoner breaks free from his shackles and is blinded by the light of the sun. He realized that his reality in the cave was not real, he sees people and understands what reality is now. The prisoner goes back to explain to the others what he has seen but they don’t believe him. The WachowskiRead MoreAllegory Of The Cave And The Matrix Analysis1986 Words   |  8 Pagespossible,† (The Matrix). These words spoken at the conclusion of the Wachowski Brothers’ 1999 film, The Matrix, by the main character Neo represent a deeper meaning and a connection to ancient literature many people viewing the film might not realize. This quote relates to a work of literature more than two millennia old, the narrative by Plato called The Allegory of the Cave. Much like how Neo must endure the stages of enlightenment to rise from the blissful ignorance controlled by the matrix in the movie

Computers And Automation Essay Example For Students

Computers And Automation Essay What is a computer? A Computer is an electronic device that can receive a set ofinstructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performingcalculations on numerical data or by compiling and correlating other forms ofinformation. Thesis Statement:- The modern world of high technology could nothave come about except for the development of the computer. Different types andsizes of computers find uses throughout society in the storage and handling ofdata, from secret governmental files to banking transactions to privatehousehold accounts. Computers have opened up a new era in manufacturing throughthe techniques of automation, and they have enhanced modern communicationsystems. They are essential tools in almost every field of research and appliedtechnology, from constructing models of the universe to producing tomorrowsweather reports, and their use has in itself opened up new areas of conjecture. Database services and computer networks make available a great variety ofinformation sources. The same advanced techniques also make possible invasionsof privacy and of restricted information sources, but computer crime has becomeone of the many risks that society must face if it would enjoy the benefits ofmodern technology. Imagine a world without computers. That would mean no propermeans of communicating, no Internet, no video games. Life would be extremelydifficult. Adults would have to store all their office work paper and thereforetake up an entire room. Teenagers would have to submit course-works and projectshand-written. All graphs and diagrams would have to be drawn neatly andcarefully. Youngsters would never have heard of video-games and will have tospend their free time either reading or playing outside with friends. But thanksto British mathematicians, Augusta Ada Byron and Charles Babbage, our lives aremade a lot easier. Later, on my investigation about the growth of comp uters overthe decades, I will be talking about types of computers, how and when computerswere first being developed, the progress it made, computers at present and plansfor the future. In types of computers, I will be talking about analogue anddigital computers and how they function. In the development of computers, I willbe mentioning about the very first electronic calculator and computer. Underprogress made, I will only be mentioning about circuits. For computers of thepresent, I will be talking about networking, telecommunications and games. Andfinally, as for planning for the future, I will mention about new and recentideas, research and development of new computers heard and talked about innewspapers and on television. I. MAIN TYPES OF COMPUTERS There are two maintypes of computers which are in use today, analog and digital computers,although the term computer is often used to mean only the digital type. Analogcomputers exploit the mathematical similarity between physicalinter relationships in certain problems, and employ electronic or hydrauliccircuits to simulate the physical problem. Digital computers solve problems byperforming sums and by dealing with each number digit by digit. Hybrid computersare those which contain elements of both analog and digital computers. They areusually used for problems in which large numbers of complex equations, known astime integrals, are to be computed. Data in analog form can also be fed into adigital computer by means of an analog- to-digital converter, and the same istrue of the reverse situation. a) What are analog computers and how do theywork? The analog computer is an electronic or hydraulic device that is designedto handle input in terms of, for example, voltage levels or hydraulic pressures,rather than numerical data. The simplest analog calculating device is the sliderule, which employs lengths of specially calibrated scales to facilitatemultiplication, division, and other functions. In a typical electronic a nalogcomputer, the inputs are converted into voltages that may be added or multipliedusing specially designed circuit elements. The answers are continuouslygenerated for display or for conversion to another desired form. b) What aredigital computers and how do they work? Everything that a digital computer doesis based on one operation: the ability to determine if a switch, orgate, is open or closed. That is, the computer can recognise onlytwo states in any of its microscopic circuits: on or off, high voltage or lowvoltage, or-in the case of numbers-0 or 1. The speed at which the computerperforms this simple act, however, is what makes it a marvel of moderntechnology. Computer speeds are measured in megahertz, or millions of cycles persecond. A computer with a clock speed of 10 MHz-a fairlyrepresentative speed for a microcomputer-is capable of executing 10 milliondiscrete operations each second. Business microcomputers can perform 15 to 40million operations per second, and supercompu ters used in research and defenceapplications attain speeds of billions of cycles per second. Digital computerspeed and calculating power are further enhanced by the amount of data handledduring each cycle. If a computer checks only one switch at a time, that switchcan represent only two commands or numbers; thus ON would symbolise oneoperation or number, and OFF would symbolise another. By checking groups ofswitches linked as a unit, however, the computer increases the number ofoperations it can recognise at each cycle. For example, a computer that checkstwo switches at one time can represent four numbers (0 to 3) or can execute oneof four instructions at each cycle, one for each of the following switchpatterns: OFF-OFF (0); OFF-ON (1); ON-OFF (2); or ON-ON (3). II. WHERE IT ALLBEGAN a) The Mother of all Calculators The first adding machine, a precursor ofthe digital computer, was devised in 1642 by the French philosopher BlaisePascal. This device employed a series of ten-toothed w heels, each toothrepresenting a digit from 0 to 9. The wheels were connected so that numberscould be added to each other by advancing the wheels by a correct number ofteeth. In the 1670s the German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelmvon Leibniz improved on this machine by devising one that could also multiply. Leslie twiggy Hornby EssayThe pattern 11010010, for example, might be binary data-in this case, thedecimal number 210 (see NUMBER SYSTEMS)-or it might tell the computer to comparedata stored in its switches to data stored in a certain memory-chip location. The development of processors that can handle 16, 32, and 64 bits of data at atime has increased the speed of computers. The complete collection ofrecognizable patterns-the total list of operations-of which a computer iscapable is called its instruction set. Both factors-number of bits at a time,and size of instruction sets-continue to increase with the ongoing developmentof modern digital computers. IV. COMPUTERS OF THE 90S a) Computer NetworksMajor changes in the use of computers have developed since it was firstinvented. Computers have expanded, via telephone lines, into vast nation-wide,or world-wide, networks. At each extremity of the network is a terminal device,or even a large computer, which can send jobs over the wire to the centralcomputer at the hub of the network. The central computer performs thecomputation or data processing and sends the results over the wire to anyterminal in the network for printing. Some computer networks provide a servicecalled time sharing. This i s a technique in which software shifts the computerfrom one task to the another with such timing that it appears to each user at aterminal that he has exclusive use of the computer. b) TelecommunicationsCertain telecommunication methods have become standard in the telecommunicationsindustry as a whole, because if two devices use different standards they areunable to communicate properly. Standards are developed in two ways: (1) themethod is so widely used that it comes to dominate; (2) the method is publishedby a standard-setting organisation. The most important organisation in thisrespect is the International Telecommunication Union, a specialised agency ofthe United Nations, and one of its operational entities, the InternationalTelegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT). Other organizations inthe area of standards are the American National Standards Institute, theInstitute of Electrical Engineers, and the Electronic Industries Association. One of the goals of these organizations is the full realisation of theIntegrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), which is projected to be capable oftransmitting through a variety of media and at very high speeds both voice andnon-voice data around the world in digital form. Other developments in theindustry are aimed at increasing the speed at which data can be transmitted. Improvements are being made continually in modems and in the communicationsnetworks. Some public data networks support transmission of 56,000 bits persecond (bps), and modems for home use are capable of as much as 56kbps. c) PCGames and Video CDs CDs have developed a lot over the past decade. At first,they were used only for music. Now, there are CDs from which we can play PCgames and watch movies. The games at present are usually 3D. This means that thegame seems almost life-like or virtual. One can spend hours playing a games onCD because they are addictive. This is one of the main disadvantage of computergames, because the person prevents themselves from doing anything educational orengaging themselves in any physical activities. Another common disadvantage isthat playing too much on the computer can cause bad eye-sight. But there are afew educational games for young children to help them learn and understandthings better. Games may not be all that good for an individual, but if s een howthey are programmed one will realise that it is not all easy to program a game. A few years ago, if one was bored, they would usually go to a video shop andrent a movie. Now one can rent Movie CDs and play them on the computer andspecial Movie CD players which are also installed in some new Hi-Fi Systems.

Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store Essay Example

Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store Essay International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 â€Å"FACTORS AFFECTING CONVERSION OF FOOTFALLS IN RETAIL STORES† Abu Bashar, Assistant Professor, Brown Hills College of Engg Tech. , Faridabad, Haryana, INDIA ABSTRACT In this research paper efforts have been made to explore various factors which affect the behavior of consumers in a retail outlet. A random sample of respondents visiting retail outlets has been considered for the present study. The paper mainly focuses towards various factors which affects the decision of the consumer in the store while they visit there for shopping. So, this research is mainly concerned with the behavior of the consumer and the various factors which are of enormous importance in converting the footfall within the stores. The paper also intends to recommend some feasible and viable strategies to be followed by retail outlets to maximize the percentage of conversion. Keywords: Behaviour, Consumers, Conversion, Factors, Retail, Shopping, Strategies International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 INTRODUCTION It becomes really very difficult for the small retailers and similar formats to compete with hyper marts and malls. The big retailers are putting cut throat competition to them. So, it becomes very important for retailers to gain a deeper insight into retail consumer behavior. The study of consumers helps firms and organizations improve their marketing strategies by understanding issues such as how ? We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and select between different alternatives (e. g. , brands, products); ? The the psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment (e. g. , culture, family, signs, media); ? ? The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other marketing decisions; Limitations in consumer knowledge or information processing abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome; ? How consumer motivation and decision strategies differ between products that differ in their level of importance or interest that they entail for the consumer; and How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach the consumer. Understanding these issues helps us adapt our strategies by taking the consumer into consideration. For example, by understanding that a number of different messages compete for our potential customers’ attention, we learn that to be effective, advertisement s must usually be repeated extensively. We also learn that consumers will sometimes be persuaded more by logical arguments, but at other times will be persuaded more by emotional or symbolic appeals. By understanding the consumer, we will be able to make a more informed decision as to which strategy to employ. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 There are three fundamental patterns which a consumer can follow and they could be: (I) Brand first, retail outlet second (ii) Retail outlet first, brand second (iii) Brand and retail outlet simultaneously. Good customer service is the lifeblood of any business. You can offer promotions and slash prices to bring in as many new customers as you want, but unless you can get some of those customers to come back, your business won’t be profitable for long. Good customer service is all about bringing customers back. And about sending them away happy – happy enough to pass positive feedback about your business along to others, who may then try the product or service you offer for themselves and in their turn become repeat customers if you’re a good salesperson, you can sell anything to anyone once. Besides from the above stated facts the following factors are also very much important for attracting, converting and retaining customers in a particular retail outlet. These factors are being described below. 1. Availability of merchandise in the store 2. Product Quality 3. Product range(both product width and depth) 4. Promotional offers and frequency of schemes. 5. Services (pre, during and post purchase) 6. Pricing as a result of merchandise on offer 7. Ambience of the store International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 8. The empathy factor of the outlet attendant In order to gain deeper insight a thorough investigation of the related literature have been investigated, some of them are given below 1. Lichtle, M. C et al. investigates that it is interesting to notice that the outlet’s characteristics have an impact on value, which, in its turn, has an impact on satisfaction. Our results show what variables are to be privileged if one wishes to give the outlet its utilitarian and/or hedonic value. In the first case, the stress has to be put on product availability. This means that when a retailer, considering her/his product range, wants to confer a utilitarian value to the shopping behaviour all she/he has to do is to make sure that her/his products are easily available and within easy reach. The hedonic value is determined by a combination of several variables: atmosphere, peripheral services, the store’s employees and crowding. Customer satisfaction will thus be indirectly improved. By handling these four variables, the retailer will manage to enhance the hedonic value the consumer attributes to shopping. According to the positioning chosen, a firm will give more emphasis either to the hedonic value or to the utilitarian value, and therefore will act on the most relevant characteristics of the outlet that our study underlined. 2. Malcolm Kirkup and Marylyn Carrigan said that as the public demand for ethical accountability grows, marketers must ensure that their activities match public expectations. Owing to its high visibility and direct contact with the public, marketing research in particular has a duty to conduct its business to the highest ethical standards. As new technology alters the way that research is conducted, there is a challenge to safeguard all the stakeholders involved in the research from unethical behaviour. Observational research is a prime example of a research technique which, while providing a valuable tool in the study of consumer behaviour, raises concerns over individual privacy particularly with the growing sophistication and power of the technology. 3. Jones, peter and David Hillier examined that Current government planning policies affecting retail investment; development and location certainly pose a major set of challenges for the leading retailers and for developers and property companies Sainsburys have argued that being more flexible in their formats allows them to take greater advantage of planning opportunities. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 4. Basso jeo and Randy Hines said that Males from the Midwest reported higher instances of positive shopping experiences at retail stores. They reported that courteous sales associates and attentive managers enhanced the shopping experience. Similarly, females from this part of the country reported higher instances of positive shopping experience. Again, the primary reason for their positive experiences was the courteous nature of the sales associates and the attentiveness of the floor-level management staff. Ten of the 25 respondents reported having negative shopping experiences at retail stores. However, while reasons varied from displeasure with the merchandise to delays in delivery of goods, none of the respondents attributed a negative experience to rude or inattentive sales associates and managers. Of the 18 females, 16 from the East reported having a negative experience at retail shopping centers. The reasons varied among respondents from poor quality merchandise to delays in shipping. However, 11 of the respondents indicated that their negative shopping experiences were the result of inattentive and rude sales associates. Two of the men reported having a negative shopping experience but they based this on the quality of the products they received. Of the eight positive shopping experiences reported by both male and female respondents, all indicated that their experiences directly resulted from an attentive sales associate or receptive management staff 5. Boedkar, Mika said that this should offer an opportunity for retailers to use segmentation and target their offerings, since it has been claimed that retail outlets tend to resemble one another and offer comparable products at comparable prices, thereby losing their individual profile. At the same time, consumer markets are becoming more sharply segmented than ever before. The new-type shoppers should be attracted by an image, one that is congruent with the consumer’s self-image. Since their demands of a retail outlet are rather high in every respect, the basics (e. g. service, price level, product quality and selection) should be considered as well as recreational, experience offering characteristics (e. g. interior design, aroma, care, product shows, and novelties). This kind of image could attract some of the traditional shoppers too, but they can be reached without the addition of recreational characteristics, implying reduced costs in retail outlet design. Without the basics, maybe only purely recreational shoppers could be attracted. Is this then the case in reality? As Rosen bloom points out, congruence between a retail outlet and consumer image is usually â€Å"more a matter of happenstance than a conscious effort to fit the store image to the target markets served by the retailer†. This means that congruence is achieved between retail outlet dimensions and traditional values held by the outlet’s founders or a typical image projected by the retailer’s trade peer group. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 6. Amine, Abdilmajid and Sandrine cadenate examines that product classes proposed in an retail outlet do not contribute equally to the variety of store image and effectiveness from the customers point of view. It also demonstrate the perception of consumer of the overall store assortment, consumers are highly sensitive in selecting range of varieties. 7. Ratcliffe, John and Sheila Flanagan said that BIDs have been tried and tested over time. They are here to stay, and will almost certainly multiply, diversify and innovate. In practice, they have not produced the negative social effects that some feared, nor have BIDs made any major public mistakes in recent years (Houstoun, 2003). Several trends reinforcing the relevance of the BID concept to the promotion of the tourism industry can, however, be distinguished (Houstoun, 2003): Hospitality trumps security. In many established BIDs fear of crime has diminished and what were formerly security personnel are increasingly being trained as ambassadors, guides or hosts to provide hospitality functions. In the same way, the focus of BID cleaning programmers has broadened so as to concentrate more on urban design, landscape and general district beautification. Greater experience and growing confidence has lead to a growth in the number of small, and some very small, BIDs. Here the accent is usually placed on promotion and marketing, as well as orchestrating a programme of festival style events delivered by voluntary effort. There is a growing realization that many of the characteristics that make a district a great place to visit – a variety of restaurants, cinemas, nightclubs, bars, cultural facilities, a walk able environment, attractive public places and a feeling of safety – also make it a great place to live. For business, in general, the visitor and residential markets tend to complement each other. 8. Kirkop, Malcolm said that for some retailers the quality of information systems has been improved – enabling a better understanding of variations in performance, better measurement of the remedial effects of initiatives, and improvements in the allocation of resources – and there is value for both head office planners and store managers. However, development and integration of the technology is proving problematic for other retailers – partly arising from the newness of the technology. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 9. Bennison, David et. al. examines that the challenge for urban managers is therefore to preserve and maintain the vitality of the Northern Quarter without destroying its soul. Almost by definition, the archetypal residents and businesses do not seek, let alone conform to, top-down planning and marketing, and are likely to be highly skeptical of it – somewhat ironical or paradoxical given the number of marketing and public relations companies located there. The challenge is that the city’s planners also want to maintain that distinctiveness as much as their inhabitant since the Northern Quarter forms an important element of the wider place product that is Manchester. As the City Council’s guide to visitors states: â€Å"Rising up out of one of city’s most historically rich areas is the Northern Quarter. Now transformed into a busy social and residential area, laden with independent bars, restaurants, cafe? s and shops – the Quarter has a uniqueness and credibility all of its own and attracts the kind of urban soul on the lookout for a bit of individuality and style (w. anchester. gov. uk/visitor centre/areas. htm). 10. Kirkup, Malcolm and Mohammad rafique said that in an increasingly competitive market environment future success for shopping centres will depend on effective management and marketing. Shoppers have a good choice of centres, all of which can meet their needs at a practical level. Centres need t o develop a compelling personality and distinctive position, based on identification of particular strengths within their marketing mix that will appeal to their chosen target market. Our research notes that shopping centres are unique types of service business, challenged and constrained in many areas of the marketing mix as a result of both the nature of the service and traditional philosophies and practices. The marketing mix framework proposed in the paper attempts to reflect this uniqueness and offers a more comprehensive coverage of key dimensions and a useful basis for analysis and management. OBJECTIVES The following objectives have been considered for pursuing the study in hand. Objectives 1. To study the various factors which effects conversion of footfall in retail stores? . To study and analyze the various services provided by retail stores in order to convert their footfalls. 3. To study the behavior of consumers in the store and their priorities at the time of buying. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. faculty journal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 4. To find out the measures to improve the convertibility of footfalls.. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The following methodology have been used for the study in hand Research Design: Exploratory research Sample Size: A Sample size of 100 Sampling technique: The sampling technique has been probabilistic sampling more specifically the simple random sampling Sources of Data: Data collection is based on primary and secondary data Instruments used for collection of data: Questionnaire, interviews, journals Techniques used for analysis: Two way ANOVA and chi-square test for goodness of fit FINDINGS 1. Most of the respondents are visiting retail outlets almost twice in a week. 2. A large number of customers buying all the products available in the store. While some customers are visiting store for a particular section. 3. Most of the customers are saying that retail outlets are not offering wide range of product. 4. Most of the customers are claiming that they do not have their item of choice in the store all the times. 5. Most of the customers shopping in retail outlets due to availability of merchandise at lower prices with convenience. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. om/ ISSN: 2231-0703 6. A large number of customers are favoring the layout and accessibility of items in the store. 7. Most of the customer believe that if the store promises to do something in a particular time, it do so. 8. A large number of customers have faith in the employee of the store. 9. Most of the customer said that store give them individual attention. 10. A large number of customers are advocatin g that the operating hour of store is convenient for them. 11. Most of the customers found complaining about air condition and less effective ambience the stores. Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store Essay Example Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store Essay International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 â€Å"FACTORS AFFECTING CONVERSION OF FOOTFALLS IN RETAIL STORES† Abu Bashar, Assistant Professor, Brown Hills College of Engg Tech. , Faridabad, Haryana, INDIA ABSTRACT In this research paper efforts have been made to explore various factors which affect the behavior of consumers in a retail outlet. A random sample of respondents visiting retail outlets has been considered for the present study. The paper mainly focuses towards various factors which affects the decision of the consumer in the store while they visit there for shopping. So, this research is mainly concerned with the behavior of the consumer and the various factors which are of enormous importance in converting the footfall within the stores. The paper also intends to recommend some feasible and viable strategies to be followed by retail outlets to maximize the percentage of conversion. Keywords: Behaviour, Consumers, Conversion, Factors, Retail, Shopping, Strategies International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 INTRODUCTION It becomes really very difficult for the small retailers and similar formats to compete with hyper marts and malls. The big retailers are putting cut throat competition to them. So, it becomes very important for retailers to gain a deeper insight into retail consumer behavior. The study of consumers helps firms and organizations improve their marketing strategies by understanding issues such as how ? We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Factors Effecting Conversion of Footfalls in a Retail Store specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and select between different alternatives (e. g. , brands, products); ? The the psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment (e. g. , culture, family, signs, media); ? ? The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other marketing decisions; Limitations in consumer knowledge or information processing abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome; ? How consumer motivation and decision strategies differ between products that differ in their level of importance or interest that they entail for the consumer; and How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach the consumer. Understanding these issues helps us adapt our strategies by taking the consumer into consideration. For example, by understanding that a number of different messages compete for our potential customers’ attention, we learn that to be effective, advertisement s must usually be repeated extensively. We also learn that consumers will sometimes be persuaded more by logical arguments, but at other times will be persuaded more by emotional or symbolic appeals. By understanding the consumer, we will be able to make a more informed decision as to which strategy to employ. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 There are three fundamental patterns which a consumer can follow and they could be: (I) Brand first, retail outlet second (ii) Retail outlet first, brand second (iii) Brand and retail outlet simultaneously. Good customer service is the lifeblood of any business. You can offer promotions and slash prices to bring in as many new customers as you want, but unless you can get some of those customers to come back, your business won’t be profitable for long. Good customer service is all about bringing customers back. And about sending them away happy – happy enough to pass positive feedback about your business along to others, who may then try the product or service you offer for themselves and in their turn become repeat customers if you’re a good salesperson, you can sell anything to anyone once. Besides from the above stated facts the following factors are also very much important for attracting, converting and retaining customers in a particular retail outlet. These factors are being described below. 1. Availability of merchandise in the store 2. Product Quality 3. Product range(both product width and depth) 4. Promotional offers and frequency of schemes. 5. Services (pre, during and post purchase) 6. Pricing as a result of merchandise on offer 7. Ambience of the store International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 8. The empathy factor of the outlet attendant In order to gain deeper insight a thorough investigation of the related literature have been investigated, some of them are given below 1. Lichtle, M. C et al. investigates that it is interesting to notice that the outlet’s characteristics have an impact on value, which, in its turn, has an impact on satisfaction. Our results show what variables are to be privileged if one wishes to give the outlet its utilitarian and/or hedonic value. In the first case, the stress has to be put on product availability. This means that when a retailer, considering her/his product range, wants to confer a utilitarian value to the shopping behaviour all she/he has to do is to make sure that her/his products are easily available and within easy reach. The hedonic value is determined by a combination of several variables: atmosphere, peripheral services, the store’s employees and crowding. Customer satisfaction will thus be indirectly improved. By handling these four variables, the retailer will manage to enhance the hedonic value the consumer attributes to shopping. According to the positioning chosen, a firm will give more emphasis either to the hedonic value or to the utilitarian value, and therefore will act on the most relevant characteristics of the outlet that our study underlined. 2. Malcolm Kirkup and Marylyn Carrigan said that as the public demand for ethical accountability grows, marketers must ensure that their activities match public expectations. Owing to its high visibility and direct contact with the public, marketing research in particular has a duty to conduct its business to the highest ethical standards. As new technology alters the way that research is conducted, there is a challenge to safeguard all the stakeholders involved in the research from unethical behaviour. Observational research is a prime example of a research technique which, while providing a valuable tool in the study of consumer behaviour, raises concerns over individual privacy particularly with the growing sophistication and power of the technology. 3. Jones, peter and David Hillier examined that Current government planning policies affecting retail investment; development and location certainly pose a major set of challenges for the leading retailers and for developers and property companies Sainsburys have argued that being more flexible in their formats allows them to take greater advantage of planning opportunities. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 4. Basso jeo and Randy Hines said that Males from the Midwest reported higher instances of positive shopping experiences at retail stores. They reported that courteous sales associates and attentive managers enhanced the shopping experience. Similarly, females from this part of the country reported higher instances of positive shopping experience. Again, the primary reason for their positive experiences was the courteous nature of the sales associates and the attentiveness of the floor-level management staff. Ten of the 25 respondents reported having negative shopping experiences at retail stores. However, while reasons varied from displeasure with the merchandise to delays in delivery of goods, none of the respondents attributed a negative experience to rude or inattentive sales associates and managers. Of the 18 females, 16 from the East reported having a negative experience at retail shopping centers. The reasons varied among respondents from poor quality merchandise to delays in shipping. However, 11 of the respondents indicated that their negative shopping experiences were the result of inattentive and rude sales associates. Two of the men reported having a negative shopping experience but they based this on the quality of the products they received. Of the eight positive shopping experiences reported by both male and female respondents, all indicated that their experiences directly resulted from an attentive sales associate or receptive management staff 5. Boedkar, Mika said that this should offer an opportunity for retailers to use segmentation and target their offerings, since it has been claimed that retail outlets tend to resemble one another and offer comparable products at comparable prices, thereby losing their individual profile. At the same time, consumer markets are becoming more sharply segmented than ever before. The new-type shoppers should be attracted by an image, one that is congruent with the consumer’s self-image. Since their demands of a retail outlet are rather high in every respect, the basics (e. g. service, price level, product quality and selection) should be considered as well as recreational, experience offering characteristics (e. g. interior design, aroma, care, product shows, and novelties). This kind of image could attract some of the traditional shoppers too, but they can be reached without the addition of recreational characteristics, implying reduced costs in retail outlet design. Without the basics, maybe only purely recreational shoppers could be attracted. Is this then the case in reality? As Rosen bloom points out, congruence between a retail outlet and consumer image is usually â€Å"more a matter of happenstance than a conscious effort to fit the store image to the target markets served by the retailer†. This means that congruence is achieved between retail outlet dimensions and traditional values held by the outlet’s founders or a typical image projected by the retailer’s trade peer group. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 6. Amine, Abdilmajid and Sandrine cadenate examines that product classes proposed in an retail outlet do not contribute equally to the variety of store image and effectiveness from the customers point of view. It also demonstrate the perception of consumer of the overall store assortment, consumers are highly sensitive in selecting range of varieties. 7. Ratcliffe, John and Sheila Flanagan said that BIDs have been tried and tested over time. They are here to stay, and will almost certainly multiply, diversify and innovate. In practice, they have not produced the negative social effects that some feared, nor have BIDs made any major public mistakes in recent years (Houstoun, 2003). Several trends reinforcing the relevance of the BID concept to the promotion of the tourism industry can, however, be distinguished (Houstoun, 2003): Hospitality trumps security. In many established BIDs fear of crime has diminished and what were formerly security personnel are increasingly being trained as ambassadors, guides or hosts to provide hospitality functions. In the same way, the focus of BID cleaning programmers has broadened so as to concentrate more on urban design, landscape and general district beautification. Greater experience and growing confidence has lead to a growth in the number of small, and some very small, BIDs. Here the accent is usually placed on promotion and marketing, as well as orchestrating a programme of festival style events delivered by voluntary effort. There is a growing realization that many of the characteristics that make a district a great place to visit – a variety of restaurants, cinemas, nightclubs, bars, cultural facilities, a walk able environment, attractive public places and a feeling of safety – also make it a great place to live. For business, in general, the visitor and residential markets tend to complement each other. 8. Kirkop, Malcolm said that for some retailers the quality of information systems has been improved – enabling a better understanding of variations in performance, better measurement of the remedial effects of initiatives, and improvements in the allocation of resources – and there is value for both head office planners and store managers. However, development and integration of the technology is proving problematic for other retailers – partly arising from the newness of the technology. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 9. Bennison, David et. al. examines that the challenge for urban managers is therefore to preserve and maintain the vitality of the Northern Quarter without destroying its soul. Almost by definition, the archetypal residents and businesses do not seek, let alone conform to, top-down planning and marketing, and are likely to be highly skeptical of it – somewhat ironical or paradoxical given the number of marketing and public relations companies located there. The challenge is that the city’s planners also want to maintain that distinctiveness as much as their inhabitant since the Northern Quarter forms an important element of the wider place product that is Manchester. As the City Council’s guide to visitors states: â€Å"Rising up out of one of city’s most historically rich areas is the Northern Quarter. Now transformed into a busy social and residential area, laden with independent bars, restaurants, cafe? s and shops – the Quarter has a uniqueness and credibility all of its own and attracts the kind of urban soul on the lookout for a bit of individuality and style (w. anchester. gov. uk/visitor centre/areas. htm). 10. Kirkup, Malcolm and Mohammad rafique said that in an increasingly competitive market environment future success for shopping centres will depend on effective management and marketing. Shoppers have a good choice of centres, all of which can meet their needs at a practical level. Centres need t o develop a compelling personality and distinctive position, based on identification of particular strengths within their marketing mix that will appeal to their chosen target market. Our research notes that shopping centres are unique types of service business, challenged and constrained in many areas of the marketing mix as a result of both the nature of the service and traditional philosophies and practices. The marketing mix framework proposed in the paper attempts to reflect this uniqueness and offers a more comprehensive coverage of key dimensions and a useful basis for analysis and management. OBJECTIVES The following objectives have been considered for pursuing the study in hand. Objectives 1. To study the various factors which effects conversion of footfall in retail stores? . To study and analyze the various services provided by retail stores in order to convert their footfalls. 3. To study the behavior of consumers in the store and their priorities at the time of buying. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. faculty journal. com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 4. To find out the measures to improve the convertibility of footfalls.. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The following methodology have been used for the study in hand Research Design: Exploratory research Sample Size: A Sample size of 100 Sampling technique: The sampling technique has been probabilistic sampling more specifically the simple random sampling Sources of Data: Data collection is based on primary and secondary data Instruments used for collection of data: Questionnaire, interviews, journals Techniques used for analysis: Two way ANOVA and chi-square test for goodness of fit FINDINGS 1. Most of the respondents are visiting retail outlets almost twice in a week. 2. A large number of customers buying all the products available in the store. While some customers are visiting store for a particular section. 3. Most of the customers are saying that retail outlets are not offering wide range of product. 4. Most of the customers are claiming that they do not have their item of choice in the store all the times. 5. Most of the customers shopping in retail outlets due to availability of merchandise at lower prices with convenience. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2012, Vol. No. 3, Issue 4, January-June 2012 http://www. facultyjournal. om/ ISSN: 2231-0703 6. A large number of customers are favoring the layout and accessibility of items in the store. 7. Most of the customer believe that if the store promises to do something in a particular time, it do so. 8. A large number of customers have faith in the employee of the store. 9. Most of the customer said that store give them individual attention. 10. A large number of customers are advocatin g that the operating hour of store is convenient for them. 11. Most of the customers found complaining about air condition and less effective ambience the stores.

three branches of science essays

three branches of science essays Science is such a wide area that it is divided into branches. Biology, chemistry and geology are three of these branches. Each branch of science are very different. They use many of the same techniques in the study of the materials in their area of science, but are very different materials. Biology is the study of life and living things. The French naturalist, Jean Baptiste, introduced the term, biology, in Germany during the 1800s. Biology is also divided into branches. Zoology, botany and anatomy are three of the major branches. Biology studies the life of particular species and their behavior, development and history. What makes biology different from the other branches of science is that it studies living things. Chemistry is the branch of science dealing with the properties, composition and structure of substances and the changes they undergo when they combine or react under specific conditions. Chemistry deals mainly with components of material origin. Organic chemistry is the only branch of chemistry defined as the study of substances produced by living organisms. Physical chemistry is concerned with the physical properties of materials. Chemistry deals with the states of matter. Through experimentation a chemist defines a material by how it reacts under many different situations and how it reacts to other materials. From the earliest recorded times, humans have observed chemical changes and have speculated at their possible causes. By following the history of these observations and speculations the gradual evolution of the ideas and concepts that have led to the modern science of chemistry can be traced. In recent times, a great deal of research has been at the atomic and molecular levels. The study of their reactive characteristics has led to great advances in the us ...

Strengths and Weaknesses of YouTube in India Essay

Strengths and Weaknesses of YouTube in India - Essay Example It also contains different kinds of localized contents, from videos to all genres of music from all over the world to suit the growing musical and entertainment needs. The user interface is easy to understand and use. It enjoys copyright privileges and hence, the rights of the artists are protected. One is able to learn a lot from Google from the do it yourself tutorials. On the other hand, there are some competitions that people make money from sharing the content with friends; hence this may be a source of income for those who spend loads of their time on the site (J.M, 2007). On Opportunities, YouTube has some experts that have provided the people with a platform to showcase their creativity through the tutorials, movies, and music. They are therefore able to get potential clientele from the same. YouTube allows one to be the shareholder; this is done by uploading some videos with no copyright issues. They may then give you a share of the revenue collected depending on the views and the interest spurred among the audience. The weaknesses of YouTube are that: it has week parental advisory features; hence, minors often view explicit content. This encourages addictions to pornography, drug abuse and violent contents that lead to vices in the communities. Through video tutorials, minors may also learn bad behavior if they are not monitored. It may also be the entry of cheap counterfeit videos in the market as everyone may upload mediocre content (Botscher, 2011). The Threats that YouTube normally faces is that, with no copyright licenses, musicians and actors/actresses often face losses as their videos are often downloaded and hence, a slump in their sales. There are arguments that some YouTube posts can tarnish a good image or reputations of people or organizations. Institutions like universities have banned their students from accessing the site in the School Computer centers.

Research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Research paper - Essay Example His sculptures are still being studied to this day as there is yet to be an in-depth analysis of them He came from a family of artists. His father and grandfather dealt in picture frames and table decorative, that they had made themselves, while his godfather was a painter. Daumier went to a middle class school but found no interest in education. His parents introduced him to Alexandre Lenoir, a well known actor, as a beginner. Alexandre had a collection of the best medieval and contemporary sculptures that Daumier drew motivation from. After his father was debilitated due to madness, Daumier set out to look for a paying profession. He worked as a messenger for a bailiff and familiarized himself with the workings of the law. Later, he abandoned this to follow his dream of being a painter. He started selling lithographs that he had made while still a child as well as getting paid to make portraits as means to supplement his works of art. He started as a lithographer, cartoonist but en ded up as an impressionist painter in his later years. He lived through three generations and saw France be transformed from a monarchy to a free republic. He began his career by sending caricatures to a weekly anti-monarchist magazine called ‘La Caricature,’ owned by a print publisher named Aubert. ... Below the commode, favorites of the King were picking leftovers and wastes from the king’s bounty. He spent six months in prison. After Daumier’s release, Aubert and his son-in-law had started another monthly magazine called L’Assocaition mensuelle lithographique. Daumier was unrelenting to create caricatures for this magazine as well as La Caricature and Le Charivari. It was from his piece for L’association mensuelle where most of his popular masterpieces can be found. One of these masterpieces is the lithograph called Rue Transonain made in 1834. He had depicted a poor family who were mistakenly shot dead in their home by men from Philippe’s army. Daumier got himself into trouble again. The king tried to confiscate and to destroy all the copies of that magazine issue. The French government later abolished the publication of any caricature that depicted the government. From then, most of Daumier’s caricatures revolved around societal issues. He made caricatures about the development going on in the country such as the trains, steamships and how they increased the gap between the rich and poor. Daumier was fired then by Le Charivari during this period of censorship. After the revolution that saw Louis-Philippe dethroned, Daumier was rehired and began to make political caricatures again. The first president of the republic, Napoleon III was very lenient when it came to freedom of the press. His earlier works reveal the impressionistic style that he used. From his workings since 1848, spectators can see the use of contours that shoe the angle of light. Historians were unaware of this feature of Daumier’s work as they had paid him little concentration. Some of his workings had been discarded when

The law relating to organ transplantation Essay Example for Free

The law relating to organ transplantation Essay Organ transplants can vastly improve patients quality of life and benefit their families and society in general by restoring an ill and dependent individual to health. On cost benefit analysis transplants prove ultimately cheaper than long-term dialysis by i 191,000 per patient on average. However, there are fewer donors than there are needy patients although this should not be the case, because the percentage of willing donors lie in the 70s. Nonetheless, actual donations languish in the 20s. I argue that this is due to the misdirected and incoherent legal structure in place. I suggest that to increase the number of organs for transplantation a presumed consent system should be implemented to close the gap between willing and actual donations. In conjunction with improved coordination this will ameliorate the severe shortage. Such a system is ethically and morally justified. I consider other options under cadaveric donation such as increased investment in coordination without a change in the default position of deference to relatives (in the footsteps of Spain), as well as alternatives to cadaveric donation, such as live donations and xenotransplantation. They are however problematic both ethically and practically, such that even if the law formally and effectively ensures that all who need organs get them, it would be normatively wrong. 1 The law relating to organ transplantation The terms of the relevant law must be subject to critique, because ultimately healthcare workers must work within the existing common law and legislation, even as they seek to save patients from an avoidable early death. The definition of death is problematic. Today the concept of brain death has been adopted by most Western countries. Others suggest however that when the capacity for sentience is irrevocably absent, the minimum criteria for personhood no longer exists, despite the presence of a functioning brain stem. Perhaps it is best to admit that it is impossible to define the moment of death with any certainty or precision, and that the important task therefore is to determine at what point in the process of dying organ retrieval becomes legitimate. In the UK, s1(4) of the HTA61 specifies that the doctor be satisfied that life is extinct before organ retrieval may take place but there is no statutory definition of death, leaving that to a matter of clinical judgement. Standard practice is for two independent doctors to perform two sets of tests to determine brain stem death. The HTA61 outdated and prevents the facilitation of a successful programme. The current system tries to allow for all possible scenarios. S1(1) approximates an opt-in system, but there is no definition of who the person lawfully in possession of the body is, and a verbal intention is only legally valid when it is made in the course of the last illness. Further, according to HSC 1998/035, 8. 2, if a patient is a recorded willing donor, there is no legal requirement to establish a lack of objection on the part of relatives, but in practice it is good practice for any objectives raised by relatives to take priority over donors wishes. S1(2) approximates a weak opt-out scheme applying where the deceased has left no recorded expression of his or her wishes. The person lawfully in possession of the body is authorised to remove organs for transplantation if reasonable enquiry shows that the deceased did not object to organ removal or that the surviving spouse or any surviving relative has no objection to the use of the organs. Although it is fairly evident why spouses should be invited to express their views, this does not reflect the reality of the situation in which many adults now live cohabitees or long term partners now fulfil this role. The system is on aggregate incoherent and piecemeal, and when an organ is taken, no one knows for sure why is it because the medical team has requested, or is it because the medical team has procured it under s1(2) of the HTA61? McLean opines that the current legislation is more of a hindrance than an assistance to an effective transplantation programme. So, to increase the number of organs for transplantation a presumed consent system should be implemented in conjunction with improved coordination to ameliorate the severe shortage. Such a system is ethically and morally justified. 2 Dead Donors Presumed Consent Historically doctors were thought reluctant to ask families of the deceased about the possibility of donating their relatives organs. However, Gentleman et al. found that in fact request rates were reasonably high such that the belief that a failure to request is the cause for organs shortage is no longer sustainable. Rather, the problem with the opt-in system is its inability to enforce deceased individuals preferences because the family vetoes it, in part because they were never made known. For a grieving and bereft family, a request for organ donation is difficult to agree to because they can only guess at the wishes of the deceased and if there were any doubt at all, would not the natural answer be a rejection? If relatives had severe objections, they should be taken into account for to do otherwise raises the spectre of the swastika, but the point remains that by changing the default position of organ donation it is a veto clearly against the deceaseds wishes, which would be rather more unlikely to take place than the current veto due to a simple lack of information. It is not that the PC system is ethically unsound. I argue that presumed consent is superior to the opt-in system because it truly ensures autonomy by giving effect to choices each person makes. It gives legal effect to individual autonomy and it ensures truly informed consent when accompanied by public education and information, instead of intuitive responses to organ donation. Nonetheless, some problems with presumed consent have been pointed out. Patient autonomy lies at the very heart of modern medicine and medical research . This is partly a reaction against medical paternalism and an increasing awareness of the integrity of the individual. It may be argued that a presumed consent (PC) system is paternalistic but it concomitantly reinforces individual autonomy and preserves the dignity and integrity of the individual especially in comparison to, for example, an organs market. McLean points out that underpinning the UK system of organ donation is the fundamental view that organ transplantation should be a gift relationship. So Sir Morris doubts that proposals to change legislation to allow presumed consent to be introduced are likely to be publicly accepted. However, why is presumed consent any less a gift? It does not mean widespread harvesting of cadaveric organs. It means greater public awareness and individual choice that is made concrete. More practical considerations also exist. First, the need for sophisticated infrastructure to maintain an opting-out register. But this is a problem of the past century. Today, only Internet access and a computer is necessary. It is no more difficult than maintaining a register for opting-in patients. If the number of donors truly reflects the number that are willing at 70% then it is in fact more efficient to keep a shorter list of those who do not wish to donate, which would constitute only 30% of the population. Secondly, there is a fear of adverse publicity if organs are taken in the face of relatives objections but as argued above, these could be taken into account, and public education moral suasion could persuade the public of the logic of a need for such a system, to cause a change in social values. For example, when the presumed consent system was implemented in Singapore, statistics showed that more people came forward as donors under a separate legal scheme as a result of heightened public awareness of great need. Even the family was more likely to agree to organ harvesting the Muslim cadaver belongs to her family, so despite the exemption of Muslims from the presumed consent system, Muslim donations rose as well. Due to the widespread awareness of the merits of organ donation with public education and the support of religious leaders with clear moral grounds for the scheme, social values developed to embrace this medical system. Third, one might ask if resources could be better employed than on the maintenance of such a system but if it solves the problem of organ shortage and alleviates medical conditions at the knife-edge between life and death, it is a small price to pay in terms of opportunity cost. Alternatives to Presumed Consent Required request of families bypasses individual autonomy. It is precisely the problem with the current system. Financial and medical priority incentives a survey of the systems currently in place reveals that compensation is illegal. Blumstein says that in the US, families are offended when financial incentives are offered when they consent to their deceased relatives organs being donated. Nonetheless, the American Medical Association (AMA) has voted to encourage studies to determine whether financial incentives could increase the pool of cadaveric organ donors. Among strategies considered are small payments to deflect the funeral cost of a relative and preferential consideration for organ donation when a member of someones family has donated an organ. This prioritisation is manifestly unethical it may be pragmatic but why should donation work on this basis? Should it not work on a basis of response to medical need, instead of allowing queue jumping by people who volunteer someone elses organs? Financial incentives could increase the pool of cadaveric organs, but there are other methods to consider namely my proposal of presumed consent which are far more egalitarian and prima facie altruistic so far as cadeveric donations are concerned. Relaxed restrictions amounts to mere tweaking of the existing system which does not address ethical problems with the current system, such as the undermining of individual autonomy. If the list of criteria for the exclusion of donors is made less stringent, to allow a greater pool of potential donors, the final filtrate of donors will still be paltry in comparison with a comprehensive overhaul of the current system. Improved coordination take for example Spains system based on familial consent. The lessons learnt are that a decentralised system appears most effective, comprising 1) local organisations that focus mainly on organ procurement and promotion of donation and 2) large structures that focus on promoting organ sharing and co-operation. This simply means more investment is needed. The real issue remains this: if the main reason forwarded for not having the opt-out system diminished personal freedom is the same reason for why the Spanish coordination system works, should we not be wary, even if the numbers crunch delectably? Coupled with the PC system however this would greatly increase the effectiveness of the organ transplantation system and protect autonomy too. Elective Ventilation of deep coma patients close to death with no possibility of recovery for a few hours to preserve their organs long enough to prepare for their removal after death. A trial held in Exeter in 1988 led to a 50% increase in the number of organs suitable for transplantation, but was halted in 1994 when the Department of Health declared in unlawful, because it was not in the patients best interests but whilst of no direct benefit to the patient, it is not contrary to the patients interests and has the potential to benefit others. Nonetheless, this would still be subject to relatives vetoes without a systemic revamp.